HONG KONG -- Huawei on Wednesday launched its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets as it adapts to having lost access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist.
The Shenzhen-based company announced that about 100 Huawei smartphone models will use the proprietary HarmonyOS system, and the operating system will also be available on certain tablets and smart screens in the fourth quarter of the year.
The company is still cut off from American technologies, including Google's services and some computer chips to power devices, after the U.S. put it on an "entity list," saying Huawei might aid China's espionage efforts. The company vehemently denies the accusation.
Huawei's inclusion on the list restricts American companies from doing business with the Chinese telecommunications equipment and smartphone maker. The blacklist has been a critical blow for Huawei, which has relied on essential technologies from the U.S.
"The user experience of HarmonyOS has surpassed the experience of the Android era. We solved issues such as the slowing down and lagging of devices over time in the Android era," said Richard Yu, chief executive of Huawei's consumer unit, during an online product-launch event Wednesday.
"Our HarmonyOS has stronger functionality and endurance, and it will be the greatest operating system in this 'internet of things' era," he said.
Once the world's largest smartphone maker, Huawei fell out of the top five globally last year, nudged aside by South Korea's Samsung, according to data from market research firm Canalys.
Chinese smartphone makers Xiaomi, Oppo and Vivo have since overtaken Huawei in terms of global sales. Huawei currently ranks seventh globally after a 50% drop in smartphone shipments in the first quarter of this year compared with last year.
In November, Huawei also sold its budget Honor smartphone brand as it sought to cushion the impact of the U.S. sanctions.
Huawei's HarmonyOS smartphone rollout is a workaround for its lack of access to Google services, especially for smartphones that it sells abroad. While handsets that were sold before Huawei's blacklisting continue to run Google services, its newer devices will have no access to Google's mobile services or updates.
To solve this problem, Huawei launched its own Huawei Mobile Services platform, which lets developers launch apps for Huawei devices. In March, Huawei said that more than 120,000 apps were on its app store and using Huawei Mobile Services, although it is still missing apps that are popular overseas, including Instagram, Twitter and Facebook.
Owners of Huawei phones who have no access to Google services won't be able to download apps such as Gmail or YouTube. Instead, Huawei Mobile Services offers shortcuts to the mobile sites of such services.
Google is blocked in China, so Huawei users there are unlikely to be affected. But the lack of access to Google services makes Huawei a less attractive choice for overseas users, who are used to watching videos on YouTube or using the Gmail email app, analysts say.
Popularizing Huawei's HarmonyOS may be an uphill task. Challenges to dominant operating systems have usually fallen flat, such as Microsoft's Windows Phone operating system and Samsung's Tizen, which is unpopular in the smartphone world but is used in smartwatches.
"It'll be interesting to see what the HarmonyOS user interface looks like and whether there really are some features that give it a leg up with some users, but I'm not holding my breath," said Bryan Ma, vice president of client devices at market research firm IDC.
"It still comes back to all the discussion that's been happening over the past couple years, which is, if there's no Google services, that's a big problem," he said.
However, Huawei's move to an operating system that can run on smartphones could give it a new business model of distributing it to other smartphone vendors in China that might be eager to earn revenue by listing their apps on Huawei's mobile services.
"HarmonyOS might be quite appealing to vendors who don't have the resources to build their own OS," said Nicole Peng, vice president of mobility at Canalys.
